What Is a Wrongful Death Claim in Wisconsin?
A wrongful death claim is a civil lawsuit filed after a death caused by another person’s wrongful act, neglect, or default. Under Wis. Stat. § 895.03, a family may bring the claim when the person who died could have sued had they lived.
Unlike a criminal case, which the state brings to punish a crime, a wrongful death claim is brought by the family to seek compensation for what the death has cost them. Many claims begin with one of the following types of accidents.
Each type of case has its own evidence and its own responsible parties, so a lawyer can review the facts before anyone decides who to hold accountable.
Who Can File a Wrongful Death Lawsuit in Wisconsin?
Under Wis. Stat. § 895.04, a wrongful death action may be brought by the personal representative of the person who died or by the person to whom the money recovered belongs. The personal representative is the person named in a will or appointed by a court to manage the estate.
Wisconsin law also sets the order in which family members receive any recovery.
1
Spouse or domestic partner
This person receives the recovery first, unless the person who died left minor children.
2
Lineal heirs
If there is no spouse or domestic partner, the recovery goes to lineal heirs such as children, grandchildren, or parents.
3
Brothers and sisters
Siblings come next only when no lineal heirs survive.
When the person who died left children under 18, a court must approve any settlement and may set aside part of the money to protect those children. Families are often unsure where they fall in this order, and we can review your situation during a free case evaluation.
What Can Families Recover in a Wisconsin Wrongful Death Case?
The amount depends on the facts of each case, and no lawyer can promise a result. Wisconsin law does name the types of losses a family may seek.
Financial Losses
A claim may seek the income, benefits, and support the person would have provided, along with the value of the care and services they gave the household. The personal representative may also recover reasonable medical and funeral expenses, including burial costs, under Wis. Stat. § 895.04(5).
Loss of Society and Companionship
A spouse, children, or parents may also seek damages for the loss of the person’s love, guidance, and companionship. Siblings may do so only if they were minors when the death occurred. Wis. Stat. § 895.04(4) caps this type of award at $350,000 per occurrence for an adult and $500,000 per occurrence for a minor.
Limits That May Affect an Award
Wisconsin does not allow punitive damages in a wrongful death claim. The state also follows a modified comparative negligence rule under Wis. Stat. § 895.045, so an award may be reduced if the person who died shared some blame for the accident. If that person’s share of fault was greater than the other party’s, the claim may be barred.
How Long Do You Have to File a Wrongful Death Lawsuit in Wisconsin?
Typically, a wrongful death lawsuit must be filed within three years of the date of death under Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)(b). If the death arose from a motor vehicle accident, the deadline is shorter at two years under Wis. Stat. § 893.54(2m).
3 years
Typical deadline to file after the date of death (Wis. Stat. § 893.54(1m)(b))
2 years
Deadline when a motor vehicle crash caused the death (Wis. Stat. § 893.54(2m))
120 days
Written notice window for claims against a local government or state body (Wis. Stat. § 893.80(1d))
However, important exceptions and nuances can change the applicable deadline. Claims against a city, county, or other government body carry strict notice rules that can start within 120 days, and other rules may apply depending on who is responsible. You can read the full text of Wisconsin Statute 893.54, and our blog explains the wrongful death statute of limitations in more detail. A missed deadline can end a claim for good, so it helps to speak with a lawyer early.
How Do You Prove a Wrongful Death Claim?
A family generally must show four things: the other party owed a duty of care, that duty was breached, the breach caused the death, and the death caused measurable losses. Civil cases use a preponderance of the evidence standard, which means it is more likely than not that the claim is true. Our guide on how to prove wrongful death walks through each step.
Evidence often includes police and crash reports, medical records, photos, video, witness statements, and employer records. Our team works to gather it early because it can be lost or changed over time. We also prepare every case as though it may go to trial, which can matter when an insurance company offers less than a family needs.
How Can a Wisconsin Wrongful Death Lawyer Help Your Family?
A lawyer can take over the legal work so your family has room to grieve. That work includes finding every party that may be responsible, filing the claim on time, dealing with insurance companies, and working out how each loss should be valued. Our team keeps clients updated, so you always know where your case stands.
Pemberton Personal Injury has offices in Baraboo, Madison, Eau Claire, and Sun Prairie, and we meet with clients by phone, email, video, or in person. We also help families through our Eau Claire, Sun Prairie, Fitchburg, and Waunakee wrongful death pages.
Wisconsin Wrongful Death Questions Families Ask